① 按自然界中(zhong)存在形態(tai)分類(lei)

　　　 自(zi)然(ran)銅------自(zi)然(ran)界存在的游離狀態的金屬(shu)銅，銅含量在99％以上，但儲量極少;

　　　 氧化(hua)銅礦-----為(wei)數(shu)也(ye)不(bu)多

　　　 硫化(hua)銅(tong)礦-----含銅(tong)量極低，一般在2--3%左右，世(shi)界(jie)上(shang)80%以上(shang)的銅(tong)是從硫化(hua)銅(tong)礦精煉(lian)出來的。

    ② 按(an)生產過(guo)程分類

　　　 銅(tong)精礦----冶(ye)煉之(zhi)前選出的含(han)銅(tong)量較高的礦石。

　　　 粗銅------銅精礦(kuang)冶(ye)煉后的產品，含銅量在95－98％。

　　　 純銅------火煉(lian)或電(dian)解之后含量達99％以(yi)上(shang)的銅。火煉(lian)可(ke)得99－99.9％的純銅，電(dian)解可(ke)以(yi)使銅的純度達到99.95-99.99％。

    ③ 按主要合金成份分類(lei)

       紫(zi)(zi)銅-----一般可(ke)近(jin)似認為是(shi)純銅，導電性(xing)、塑性(xing)都較好，但強度(du)、硬度(du)較差一些。主要品(pin)種(zhong)有無氧銅、紫(zi)(zi)銅、磷(lin)脫氧銅、銀銅； 

　　　 黃(huang)銅(tong)(tong)-----是由銅(tong)(tong)和鋅所組成的合金(jin)，又(you)可細分為(wei)簡單(dan)黃(huang)銅(tong)(tong)和復(fu)雜(za)黃(huang)銅(tong)(tong)，復(fu)雜(za)黃(huang)銅(tong)(tong)中又(you)以第三組元(yuan)冠名為(wei)鎳(nie)黃(huang)銅(tong)(tong)、硅黃(huang)銅(tong)(tong)等；

　　　 青銅(tong)(tong)-----系指除銅(tong)(tong)鎳、銅(tong)(tong)鋅合金以外的銅(tong)(tong)基合金，主要品種有錫青銅(tong)(tong)、鋁青銅(tong)(tong)、特殊青銅(tong)(tong)（又稱高銅(tong)(tong)合金）；

　　　 白銅-----系指銅鎳(nie)系合金(jin)，是以(yi)鎳(nie)為主要添加元(yuan)素的銅基合金(jin)，呈(cheng)銀白色，有金(jin)屬光(guang)澤，故名白銅。

    ④ 按產品形態(tai)分類：銅(tong)(tong)(tong)管、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)棒、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)線、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)板、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)帶、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)條、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)箔等

    我們在選額銅(tong)材料的時候(hou)要看他(ta)的他(ta)的色(se)澤，紫銅(tong)，紅(hong)銅(tong)是好銅(tong)，還有(you)黃(huang)銅(tong)，顏色(se)發淺。還有(you)的銅(tong)上(shang)鍍了(le)一(yi)鋅，有(you)的鍍錫，發白色(se)，還有(you)一(yi)種劣質銅(tong)，銅(tong)里(li)面有(you)雜質，用手一(yi)彎就斷成(cheng)兩截(jie)，里(li)面有(you)黑色(se)雜質。

    眾(zhong)所周知，銅(tong)(tong)(tong)雕塑(su)從材質上可(ke)分為(wei)鍛(duan)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)雕塑(su)和鑄(zhu)(zhu)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)雕塑(su)，其中鑄(zhu)(zhu)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)雕塑(su)是(shi)雕塑(su)工(gong)藝中最復雜的一種，但是(shi)鑄(zhu)(zhu)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)的藝術表現形式具有很強(qiang)的價值，是(shi)其他銅(tong)(tong)(tong)制工(gong)藝品無法比擬的，鑄(zhu)(zhu)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)雕塑(su)大致分為(wei)蠟模、封沙、燒(shao)制三個(ge)過程，最后(hou)我們在成型(xing)之后(hou)還需要專業的技(ji)術人員(yuan)對銅(tong)(tong)(tong)雕工(gong)藝品進(jin)行不斷的修(xiu)復和打磨。

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